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Hydrogen sulfide H S a colorless and water soluble gas
2023-12-28
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) [33], a colorless and water-soluble gas with the smell of rotten eggs, is now recognized as an important gasotransmitter, after the extensive study of nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO). H2S is produced endogenously via enzymatic reactions of cysteine, homocysteine and
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As with most G protein coupled receptors GPCRs sustained
2023-12-28
As with most G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), sustained activation of APJ can cause desensitization and this has been reported to occur for APJ-mediated effects on cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration, as well as for effects on activity of adenylyl cyclase, ERK and Akt (Ishida et al., 2004, Masri et a
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Plant tissues were thought to be
2023-12-28
Plant tissues were thought to be natural sources containing different types of antioxidant compounds (tocopherols, ascorbic acid, carotenoids, and phenolic compounds). As a general classification, antioxidants were grouped as vitamins (ascorbic acid, tocopherols), carotenoids (condensed tannins, xan
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To investigate if WP increased CAT activity in cells C
2023-12-28
To investigate if WP increased CAT activity in cells, C2C12 muscle Oseltamivir were treated with 0.1 to 0.4 mg/mL of WP (80.05% protein) for 24 h and then stressed with 0.75 mM H2O2 for 1 h (Xu et al., 2011). The CAT activity was significantly enhanced from 15.1 ± 0.7 to 23.7 ± 1.3 U/mg of total ce
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Evidence shows that glial activation increases the expressio
2023-12-28
Evidence shows that glial activation increases the expression of cytokines and chemokines in Parkinson's disease, which precede the degeneration of the substance nigra (Halliday and Stevens, 2011, Tansey and Goldberg, 2010). The use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (except aspirin) can preve
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Volatile esters are important to wine quality and to
2023-12-28
Volatile esters are important to wine quality and to fresh berry grape flavor, especially in fox grapes (V. labrusca) [16]. Volatile esters such as Z-3-hexyl acetate can be found in V. vinifera ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ berries albeit at low levels and their accumulation diminishes to below detection lev
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The reactions and the control mechanisms described are all
2023-12-28
The reactions and the control mechanisms described are all supported by observations. For example the reactions require that different compounds are formed in different groups of cmv virus cells and this has been observed [15]. Intravenous injection of glycine results in reduced utilisation of gluc
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br Downstream signalling of AKT A consensus phosphorylation
2023-12-28
Downstream signalling of AKT A consensus phosphorylation motif has been described for AKT substrates: R-X-R-X-X-S/T-B where X represents any amino Cyclopamine and B represents bulky hydrophobic residues (Alessi, Caudwell, Andjelkovic, Hemmings, & Cohen, 1996). Numerous AKT substrates have been p
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According to average serum fat content of g L
2023-12-28
According to average serum fat content of 6.9 g/L (Phillips et al., 1989) and serum dioxin level from individuals exposed to dioxins as the result of accidents in Seveso (Needham et al., 1997), Taiwan (Guo et al., 2004) and Vietnam (The Tai et al., 2011) the median serum concentration of TCDD would
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Role of APPL in endosomal signaling pathways Endosomes consi
2023-12-28
Role of APPL in endosomal signaling pathways Endosomes consist of distinct membrane subdomains within individual organelles and assist in the translation of extracellular stimuli via cytoplasmic transduction cascades to the nucleus [3], [74]. Endosomal abnormalities are associated with the pathogen
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br Discussion Myopathic EMG changes are frequently
2023-12-28
Discussion Myopathic EMG changes are frequently detected in patients with MuSK MG, unlike in AChR MG patients [10]. However, these EMG changes are not always accompanied by myopathic histopathological findings. It has been shown that mitochondrial abnormalities seem to be more prominent in MuSK M
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Crohn s disease an inflammatory bowel disease that
2023-12-27
Crohn’s disease, an inflammatory bowel disease that affects the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, is characterized by a polymorphism in ULK1 autophagy gene due to the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Thus, the autophagic process is impaired during the disease. The mutations in the leuc
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br Oxidative microbe killing and V ATPase Oxidative killing
2023-12-27
Oxidative microbe killing and V-ATPase Oxidative killing of phagocytosed microorganisms is predominately achieved through the uptake of large quantities of molecular oxygen by the infected cell and the activity particularly of the NADPH oxidase complex on phagosomes (Savina et al., 2006) and the
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The skin permeability barrier is important for the preventio
2023-12-27
The skin permeability barrier is important for the prevention of loss of water and electrolytes from inside the body and for protection against the invasion of external pathogens, allergens, and harmful compounds. Multi-layered lipids, called lipid lamellae, are present in the outermost cell layer o
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Telomerase action at the telomere is highly regulated it pre
2023-12-27
Telomerase action at the telomere is highly regulated; it preferentially elongates the shortest telomeres, and recruitment of the enzyme complex to the telomere occurs in mid-S phase of the cell cycle (Bianchi and Shore, 2007, Britt-Compton et al., 2009, Teixeira et al., 2004, Hemann et al., 2001, T
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