• Acute in vivo experiments were performed

  2022-01-24

  

  Acute in vivo experiments were performed in normoglycemic 129SVE mice to confirm GPR119 activation and corresponding Parthenolide receptor control. GIP release was utilized as a biomarker for target receptor engagement and plasma GIP levels were measured 45min after oral dosing (). Both 3 and 10mg/

• br Membrane transporters as a

  2022-01-21

  

  Membrane transporters as a novel therapeutic target in pediatric TBI The concept of targeting membrane transporters began with identifying a neuroprotective drug and a corresponding transporter inhibitor. Somewhat serendipitously, we discovered that N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a cysteine donor for GS

• Hippocampal lesioned mice were less

  2022-01-21

  

  Hippocampal-lesioned mice were less able to withhold responding during a DRL-10 requirement (i.e. when the animals had to wait 10s between lever presses), and were thus less efficient than sham operated controls. In contrast, GluR-A−/− mice did not differ from wild-type mice when the DRL requirement

• br Glucocorticosteroid receptor structure and function

  2022-01-21

  

  Glucocorticosteroid receptor structure and function The gene encoding for the human GR is composed of 9 exons (Oakley and Cidlowski, 2011) and the translated protein is described as having 4 functional regions. The protein contains a highly conserved central DNA-binding domain (DBD) or C-domain,

• In summary this study demonstrated

  2022-01-21

  

  In summary, this study demonstrated the cDNA cloning and characterization of the galanin type II receptor (GalR2) and a novel GalR2-like receptor (GalR2-L) in chickens, in which these two receptors are possibly originated from a gene HBX 41108 event that occurred in the early vertebrate lineage. Re

• GLP is released in response to ingestion of nutrients

  2022-01-21

  

  GLP-1 is released in response to ingestion of nutrients including carbohydrates, protein, and fat. Recent studies aimed at identifying the receptors involved in nutrient stimulated GLP-1 secretion have identified free fatty Cyclosporin D receptor 4 (FFA4/GPR120) as a potential 7TM receptor involved

• The primary or in transit site

  2022-01-21

  

  The primary or in-transit site of metastasis for many cancers, including melanoma, are nearby sentinel lymph nodes (LNs) [6]. As such, sentinel LN biopsy is a common procedure to diagnose and stage melanoma progression [7,8]. Sentinel LNs are often the primary site of metastasis due to tumor cell-st

• br Introduction Erythropoietin EPO is a glycoprotein

  2022-01-21

  

  Introduction Erythropoietin (EPO) is a glycoprotein hormone and the principal stimulator of erythropoiesis (Jelkmann, 2011). EPO promotes the proliferation and differentiation of red blood cells, which is important for oxygen transport. Low EPO levels in blood cause anemia; however, excessive lev

• Wolf et al then proceed to interrogate

  2022-01-21

  

  Wolf et al. (2016) then proceed to interrogate the mechanism by which NAG activates the NLRP3 inflammasome. When examining potential triggers previously implicated in NLRP3 activation, they found that both PGN and NAG trigger appearance of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in the cytosol, which led them to

• br Heme and the HO system Heme a complex of

  2022-01-21

  

  Heme and the HO system Heme, a complex of iron and protoporphyrin IX, has versatile functions, which are critical for the survival of all aerobic organisms including mammalians and bacteria [9]. The central iron in heme facilitates six ligand binding sites [10], four of which are occupied by nitr

• br Trifluoromethylketones This group of compounds was

  2022-01-21

  

  Trifluoromethylketones This group of compounds was demonstrated to bind the zinc carbenoxolone in the active site due to its easy hydration, forming the required chelating intermediate. Ontaria et al. [92] have proposed variations around the cap group of trifluoromethylthiophene as the core motif

• Phosphocreatine disodium salt Assays can perform differently

  2022-01-21

  

  Assays can perform differently by Phosphocreatine disodium salt and under-quantification of HCV GTs has been seen with HCV assays [8], [9], [10], [11]. Under-quantification of GT4 has been reported in some early studies of the VERIS Assay [7], [12] where a bias greater than −0.5 log10IU/mL was seen

• A common principle to ameliorate underquantification

  2022-01-21

  

  A common principle to ameliorate underquantification because of primer or probe mismatching is to employ multiple targets for detection or quantification of blood borne viruses [14]. Dual targeting real time PCRs have become common for quantification of HIV-1 [15], [16]. In a recent paper arguing fo

• After brain injury adenosine levels rapidly increase in the

  2022-01-20

  

  After brain injury, adenosine levels rapidly increase in the brain [9,10]. As shown in our previous studies, the increased adenosine concentration acts on adenosine A2A receptors (A2ARs), increasing post-traumatic glutamate levels in the brain and exacerbating the severity of injuries [11,12]. Accor

• The OTR and GHSR are known to play similar

  2022-01-20

  

  The OTR and GHSR are known to play similar roles in centrally regulated behaviours, where the OTR is implicated in mood, sociability and appetite regulation (Morton et al., 2012; Myers et al., 2014; Sala et al., 2013; Lukas et al., 2011; Slattery and Neumann, 2010), with the GHSR primarily involved

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